Asia LNG imports set to drop to 22-month low as Europe surge drives prices

Asia's imports of liquefied natural gas (LNG) are poised to drop to the lowest in nearly two years in February, while Europe's are set to surge to the second-highest on record.

The weakness in Asia shows buyers are shunning expensive spot cargoes, with prices at least 50% higher than what they were this time last year.

A milder-than-usual winter across much of North Asia has also dampened demand and allowed European buyers to bid for cargoes as part of efforts to re-stock the continent's depleted inventories.

Asia, the top-importing LNG continent, is on track to see arrivals of 20.7 MM tonnes (t) of the super-chilled fuel in February, according to data compiled by commodity analysts Kpler.

This is down from January's 24.59 MMt and 22.67 MMt in February last year. It is also the lowest monthly total since April 2023, according to Kpler.

In contrast, Europe's February imports of LNG are expected to come in at 11.81 MMt, in line with 11.84 MMt from January.

These two months are the third- and fourth-highest on record, but if February's imports are calculated on a per day basis, they become the second-highest behind April 2023.

Europe is increasingly turning to LNG after supplies from Russia via pipeline crossing Ukraine ended at the start of January, which added to the loss of pipeline gas from Russia after Moscow's February 2022 invasion of its neighbor.

Much of Europe's increased demand for LNG is being met by the United States, which overtook Australia in 2023 to become the biggest exporter of the fuel.

Europe's imports from the United States are set to reach 6.53 MMt in February, down from the record 6.84 MMt in January.

However, on a per day basis, February imports are an all-time high and are almost three times above the 2.30 MMt Europe bought from the United States in July last year.

The increasing reliance of European buyers on U.S. LNG may help the continent argue its case with new U.S. President Donald Trump, who is ramping up his tariffs on trading partners as part of efforts to get them to buy more from the United States.

High prices. Europe's LNG demand is also helping drive the spot price for the fuel to levels close to the European benchmark TTF, which ended at €46.06 per megawatt hour (MW/hr) on February 21, equivalent to $14.12 per million British thermal units (MMBtu).

This is only slightly higher than the $14.00 per MMBtu that spot Asian LNG ended at in the week to February 21, which was down the 14-month high of $16.10 the previous week.

Prices for spot cargoes in Asia eased as the peak winter demand passed, but also as the high prices that have prevailed since November curbed demand.

This price dynamic is on display in China, the world's biggest buyer of LNG, with imports in February expected to fall to the weakest in two years.

February arrivals are slated to be 4.99 MMt, down from 6.05 MMt in January and 5.82 MMt in February last year, according to Kpler data.

The Asian spot price has held around $14 per MMBtu since mid-November, a level that makes it difficult for Chinese utilities to sell at a profit.

The impact of a mild winter is more of a factor in Japan, the world's second-biggest LNG importer, with February arrivals expected to be 5.79 MMt, down from 6.74 MMt in January and below the 6.07 MMt from February 2024.

With winter demand passing, it's likely that demand in North Asia for LNG will ease, with the risk that the usual seasonal dip is larger than usual given the prevailing high prices.

If Europe's LNG demand remains elevated as the continent works to refill storages, spot prices are likely to remain high enough to deter Asian buyers.

The views expressed here are those of Clyde Russell, a columnist for Reuters.

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