Nigeria plans to split gas from oil leases to attract more investors

By ELISHA BALA-GBOGBO
Bloomberg

Nigeria, Africa’s biggest oil producer, plans to issue separate leases for gas assets in order to attract more investors to boost output of the fuel, the state- owned oil company said.

“Gas, over the last few years, has become a very prominent commodity on its own, which requires a life of its own,” said David Ige, group executive director for gas and power at the Nigeria National Petroleum Corp. The nation needs companies such as Russian exporter OAO Gazprom and Centrica, the UK’s biggest energy supplier, to enter the market to “drive our gas agenda aggressively,” he said.

Almost all of the West African nation’s reserves of 184 trillion cubic feet of gas, the world’s eight-largest, were found in the course of searching for crude. The new plan seeks to provide opportunities for companies specifically exploring for gas, according to Ige.

More than 80% of Nigeria’s hydrocarbon reserves are in leases held by Royal Dutch Shell, Chevron, ExxonMobil, Total and Eni, whose priority continues to be oil, Ige said. These companies run joint ventures with the state-owned NNPC that pump most of the country’s crude.

Nigeria currently produces about 9 billion cubic feet/day of gas, half of which is exported as liquefied natural gas (LNG). While 1 billion cubic feet/day is flared in the course of oil production, another 1 billion cubic feet is re-injected into oil wells daily for pressure stability. Almost 2 billion cubic feet/day is supplied to industries and power plants, where demand is estimated to more than double to 5 billion cubic feet/day in two years.

Gazprom Withdrew

NiGaz Energy, a joint venture created in 2009 between the NNPC and Gazprom, Russia’s gas export monopoly, couldn’t get a foothold because all the acreages with significant reserves are held by other companies including Shell, Chevron and ExxonMobil, Ige said. Gazprom withdrew from Nigeria in 2012.

When current industry reforms are completed and a new industry law is passed, companies that “are not oil players can have access to gas, and we will begin to see more vibrant interest from players like Gazprom,” he said.

While the West African nation was the world’s fourth-biggest exporter of LNG in 2012, it’s struggling to meet local demand of the fuel used to generate at least 70% of its electricity needs.

Pipeline Network

Nigeria is expanding its gas pipeline network to supply the fuel to industries and power plants in different parts of the country and create a node for a proposed trans-Saharan pipeline to Europe.

Nine investors were shortlisted to help fund a $5 billion national network, including the 40-inch, 683-kilometer (424-mile) link from the coastal city of Calabar to the northern city of Kano, the start of the Sahara pipe, according to Ige.

Funds for the project, which will be built through debt and equity finance, will be sought from development finance institutions, export credit agencies and private finance through World Bank unit IFC, Ige said. A lead arranger to syndicate the loans will be appointed in the second half of the year.

The Saharan link was first proposed in 2009 to take gas through northern neighbors Niger and Algeria through the Mediterranean to Europe. Since then, natural gas prices have slumped 58%, raising questions about its viability.

“The trans-Saharan gas-pipeline project is not dead,” Ige said. “Given the global dynamics and our energy security considerations, it has become prudent for us in Nigeria to re- evaluate the project and redefine it.”

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